Life Cycle Assessment of a Developed Dry-type Oxyhydrogen (HHO) Generator kit. Application for the Internal Combustion Engines

Abstract

This study performs a life cycle assessment (LCA) on a dry-type Oxyhydrogen/hydroxyl gas (HHO ) generator kit designed explicitly for internal combustion engines. The upgraded version of the current dry-type HHO cells produces a blend of hydrogen and oxygen gases through water electrolysis. These gases are introduced into the engine's intake manifold to improve combustion efficiency and decrease fuel consumption and emissions. The study assesses the ecological consequences of the generator kit over its life cycle, starting from the extraction of raw materials to the end of manufacturing (cradle-to-gate). This evaluation is conducted using OpenLCA software and the Ecoinvent 3.8 database. The assessment evaluates the environmental impact of specific industrial categories, such as greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and resource depletion, using the ReCiPe midpoint (H) method. The results offer valuable insights into environmental performance, explicitly indicating potential advantages, disadvantages, areas of concern, and crucial stages during the life cycle. The current work enhances our understanding of the environmental consequences of adopting the generator kit and emphasizes the importance of a holistic view in sustainability evaluation.