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dc.contributor.authorHertel, Anne Gabriela
dc.contributor.authorZedrosser, Andreas
dc.contributor.authorMysterud, Atle
dc.contributor.authorStøen, Ole-Gunnar
dc.contributor.authorSteyaert, Sam
dc.contributor.authorSwenson, Jon
dc.date.accessioned2018-06-07T09:01:30Z
dc.date.available2018-06-07T09:01:30Z
dc.date.created2016-11-16T10:36:52Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.citationOecologia. 2016, 182 (4), 1019-1029.nb_NO
dc.identifier.issn0029-8549
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11250/2500745
dc.description.abstractAvoiding predators most often entails a food cost. For the Scandinavian brown bear (Ursus arctos), the hunting season coincides with the period of hyperphagia. Hunting mortality risk is not uniformly distributed throughout the day, but peaks in the early morning hours. As bears must increase mass for winter survival, they should be sensitive to temporal allocation of antipredator responses to periods of highest risk. We expected bears to reduce foraging activity at the expense of food intake in the morning hours when risk was high, but not in the afternoon, when risk was low. We used fine-scale GPS-derived activity patterns during the 2 weeks before and after the onset of the annual bear hunting season. At locations of probable foraging, we assessed abundance and sugar content, of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), the most important autumn food resource for bears in this area. Bears decreased their foraging activity in the morning hours of the hunting season. Likewise, they foraged less efficiently and on poorer quality berries in the morning. Neither of our foraging measures were affected by hunting in the afternoon foraging bout, indicating that bears did not allocate antipredator behavior to times of comparably lower risk. Bears effectively responded to variation in risk on the scale of hours. This entailed a measurable foraging cost. The additive effect of reduced foraging activity, reduced forage intake, and lower quality food may result in poorer body condition upon den entry and may ultimately reduce reproductive success.nb_NO
dc.language.isoengnb_NO
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleTemporal effects of hunting on foraging behavior of an apex predator: Do bears forego foraging when risk is high?nb_NO
dc.typeJournal articlenb_NO
dc.typePeer reviewednb_NO
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionnb_NO
dc.rights.holderThe Author(s) 2016.nb_NO
dc.source.pagenumber1019-1029nb_NO
dc.source.volume182nb_NO
dc.source.journalOecologianb_NO
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00442-016-3729-8
dc.identifier.cristin1400910
dc.relation.projectNorges forskningsråd: 179569nb_NO
cristin.unitcode222,58,1,0
cristin.unitnameInstitutt for natur, helse og miljø
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode1


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