| dc.description.abstract | The energy sector is rapidly adjusting towards the green change by cutting emissions and using more renewable energy sources. The interest in hydrogen economy has increased in the last decade due to environmental concerns and the supply of green energy available in the future. QRA reports are prepared to consider and describe the vulnerability of a system, and the consequences and probability of such, to further evaluate any uncertainty and risks. Hydrogen leakage risk is of particular interest due to the wide flammability range, low ignition energy, small molecules, and flame speed. On the other hand, hydrogen has several properties as a safer fuel with being non-toxic, and due to low gravimetric density, the gas it will dissipate quickly into the atmosphere as it is lighter than air.
The presented content of this report is an in-depth literature review of current hydrogen storage options and associated risks, with primary focus of storage leakage. Furthermore, a risk study has been conducted to compare the explosion pressure of a premixed stoichiometric hydrogen-air vapour cloud. The methods applied are the USN CFD FLIC-scheme model and the TNO Multi Energy method, and the methods have been compared with regards to overpressure.
Results from the CFD model show a detonation taking place in each scenario. The confined container with cylinder obstacles is assumed to be the reason for the high blast charge. When applying the TNO ME method the explosion centre was assumed at two different areas for each scenario. The ME-method was assumed to have a blast strength number of 10 due to the level of confinement and high reactivity gas. The comparison shows that the CFD FLIC scheme return significantly higher values for overpressure than ME-method. | |
