| dc.description.abstract | The International Maritime Organization’s MARPOL Annex VI focuses on reducing
global ship emission of Sulphur Oxides (SOx) and Particulate Matter (PM) from 3.50% to
0.50% from January 2020. However, the emission control areas (ECAs) have already set the
limit of SOx emission to 0.10% since 2015. This means that the vessels operating in these
regions (ECAs) have reduced their emission down to 0.10% by adopting various emission
reduction technologies. The major concern arises when the MARPOL Annex VI will come into
force from January 2020, resulting in global emission reduction down to 0.50%. This thesis
focuses on air pollution caused by vessels by using bunker fuels with high sulphur content in
the ECA regions, identifying various options adopted by the shipowners operating in the ECA
to reduce the emission.
For the vessels to abide by the MARPOL Annex VI regulations, the ship-owners have
adopted the option of installing a Scrubber system on their vessels, which allows the vessel to
keep running on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) which has high sulphur content. The other common
compliance options that have been adopted are using LNG as propulsion fuel, changing or
switching the fuel for propulsion from HFO to distillates (Marine Gasoil), and using lowemission
fuels and technologies, i.e., batteries, hydrogen, methanol.
Using literature study as the method for collecting the data, secondary data like various
research articles, conference papers, journals, news, and reports will be used to collect in-depth
information. Based on the findings and the strategies adopted by the ship-owners in the ECA
regions, few options that global ship-owners and operators could adopt to comply with the
MARPOL Annex VI effective from January 2020, will be analyzed in this study. | nb_NO |
