• The productivity of national innovation systems in Europe: Catching up or falling behind? 

      Zabala-Iturriagagoitia, Jon Mikel; Aparicio, Juan; Ortiz, Lidia; Caryannis, Elias A.; Grigoroudis, Evangelos (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Innovation is one of the main determinants of economic development in modern societies. The extant evidence points to increasing territorial disparities in Europe concerning innovation. Relying on production theory, we ...