Modelling and control of a typical high head hydropower plant

Abstract

This paper describes an effective mathematical model of a hydropower plant and how a decentralized control strategy for frequency and terminal voltage can be simulated. Several dynamic equations are presented for each element of a typical high head hydropower with ODEs (ordinary differential equations), except penstock model is carried out with hydraulic PDEs (partial differential equations), while a fourth order of synchronous generator with exciter model is presented as modelling of generated electrical power and terminal voltage. This paper merged these two models and eventually results in a MIMO system. The frequency and terminal voltage are chosen as control objectives according to the quality of power. For the control strategy, A PI controller coupled with droop control is implemented for the frequency, and a decentralized controller with stabilizer is applied to terminal voltage control. The interactions of these two controllers has been simulated and analyzed. Reasonable and acceptable simulation results are presented and discussed.