• Chemical equilibrium model to investigate scaling in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) 

      Sivalingam, Vasan; Ibrahim, Osama M.; Kukankov, Sergey; Omodara, Babafemi; Janka, Eshetu; Wang, Shuai; Dinamarca, Carlos; Haugen, Hildegunn Hegna; Bakke, Rune (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)
      Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is a robust, flexible and compact technology for treatment of medium to high strength wastewater. However, while treating with high concentration of ammonium, phosphorus and metal ions, ...
    • Effect of Intermittent Aeration in a Hybrid Vertical Anaerobic Biofilm Reactor (HyVAB) for Reject Water Treatment 

      Sivalingam, Vasan; Dinamarca, Carlos; Wakjera, Eshetu Janka; Kukankov, Sergey; Wang, Shuai; Bakke, Rune (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Water from anaerobic sludge dewatering (reject water that is recycled to the inlet main process treatment) from the Knarrdalstrand municipal wastewater treatment plant in Porsgrunn, Norway, contains 2.4 g/L of total chemical ...